Hairy Root Cultures For Production Research Articles

Hairy Root Culture an Alternative for Bioactive Compound Production from Medicinal Plants.

Medicinal plants produce a diverse group of phytocompounds like anthraquinones, alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenes which are used in pharmaceutical, perfume, cosmetics, dye and flavor industries. Commercial source of these metabolites is field-grown plants, which are generally influenced by seasonal changes. Biotechnology possesses a significant role in production of high-value secondary metabolites. By incorporating biotechnological methods, it is feasible to manage biosynthetic pathways of the plant to enhance phytocompound production that is of pharmaceutical interest. Plant cell suspension, shoot, adventitious root and hairy root culture are considered as alternative methods for important bioactive compound production. These methods are controllable, sustainable and overcome several inconveniences for large scale secondary metabolites production. At present research on hairy root culture for valuable bioactive compound production has gained a lot of attention. Agrobacterium rhizogenes is an agent which causes hairy root disease in a plant and this leads to the neoplastic growth of root which is characterized by higher growth rate and genetic stability. Various studies explore the hairy root culture for production of a wide range of bioactive compounds. Scale-up of hairy root culture using bioreactors has provided an opportunity to enhance bioactive compound production at the commercial level. The present review discusses the role of hairy root culture in the production of valuable bioactive compounds, the effect of culture parameters on bioactive compound production and bioreactor applications.

Hairy Root Cultures for the Production of Anti-cancer Naphthoquinone Compounds.

Recent years have brought the dynamic development in studies of naphthoquinones obtained from plants, in vitro cultures and semi- or total synthesis. This review presents the hairy root cultures approach for producing naphthoquinones and summarizes their most recent anti-cancer investigations. This review aimed to define biotechnological strategies impacted on naphthoquinones production in hairy root cultures. Up to now the major source of shikonin/alkannin derivatives, rhinacanthins and ramentaceone is isolation from plant material, also derived via biotechnological methods. Moreover, the most recent anti-cancer activity studies on naphthoquinones which could be produced in hairy root cultures were outlined. For databases survey two selection criteria were used: (i) naphthoquinone could be produced in hairy roots, and (ii) it exhibits anti-cancer properties. Ninety two papers were included in the review, thirty described biotechnological approaches enhancing naphthoquinones production, among them twenty seven were dedicated to hairy root cultures. Forty papers outlined the anti-cancer activity of targeted naphthoquinones including the type of cancer and bioassays description. The synergistic effect of natural naphthoquinones and other anti-cancer therapies was reviewed and toxicity of natural naphthoquinones and plant extracts was discussed. The review highlights tendencies in hairy root investigations and indicates the possible future research directions for improving biotechnological production efficacy. This review demonstrates a great potential of hairy root cultures for naphthoquinones production, which could be furtherly developed for future medical purposes, especially as anti-cancer agents. This area of plant biotechnology will be surely still developed with traditional and new strategies.

Development of Linum flavum hairy root cultures for production of coniferin.

Linum flavum hairy roots were initiated from leaf discs using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains LBA9402 and TR105 though two other strains, 15834 and A4, were relatively ineffective for induction. Significant variation in coniferin accumulation was observed between hairy root lines originating from different L. flavum seedlings and/or A. rhizogenes strains. Coniferin reached 58 mg g-1 dry wt by culturing the roots in Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and naphthaleneacetic acid as growth regulators.

TOPICAL PAPER: Utilization of Hairy Root Cultures for Production of Secondary Metabolites

AbstractThe possibility of producing useful chemicals by plant cell cultures has been studied intensively for the past 30 years. However, problems associated with low product yields and culture instabilities have restricted wider industrial application of plant cell culture. The employment of hairy root culture technology, developed in the past 10 years, offers new opportunities for in vitro production of plant secondary metabolites. In contrast to cell suspension cultures, hairy root cultures are characterized by high biosynthetic capacity and genetic as well as biochemical stability. In this review, the establishment and cultivation of hairy root cultures as well as their properties and application for production of secondary metabolites are discussed.